This is missable.
After the story related training duel against Fuku-San, you'll have the choice to go in the Dojo and fighting him again. Do it to unlock the achievement.
This event occurs the day after finding Charlie in Tattoo Parlor.
Warning : this achievement is a little glitched. You may have to do the requirement multiple time to unlock it so save before trying. You can save after the story related duel and then try to fight him again. If it doesn't pop when the fight begins, try again.